Ezi zinto zifunyanisiweyo zintsonkothileyo zatsala umdla wabahleli be-C&EN kulo nyaka
nguKrystal Vasquez
PEPTO-BISMOL MYSTERY
Ityala: Nat.Uluntu.
Ubume beBismuth subsalicylate (Bi = pink; O = ebomvu; C = ngwevu)
Kulo nyaka, iqela labaphandi abavela kwiYunivesithi yaseStockholm baqhekeza imfihlakalo yekhulu leminyaka: isakhiwo se-bismuth subsalicylate, isithako esisebenzayo kwiPepto-Bismol (Nat. Commun. 2022, DOI: 10.1038 / s41467-022-29566-0).Besebenzisa i-electron diffraction, abaphandi bafumanisa ukuba le khompawundi icwangciswe ngokwemaleko afana neentonga.Embindini wentonga nganye, iianion zeoksijini ziyatshintshana phakathi kwebhulorho ezintathu nezine zebismuth cations.I-salicylate anions, okwangoku, ilungelelaniswa ne-bismuth ngokusebenzisa amaqela abo e-carboxylic okanye e-phenolic.Besebenzisa ubuchule be-electron microscopy, abaphandi baye bafumanisa ukuguquguquka komgangatho wokupakisha.Bakholelwa ukuba olu lungiselelo luphazamisekileyo lunokuchaza ukuba kutheni i-bismuth subsalicylate ikwazile ukuphepha izazinzulu ixesha elide.
Ikhredithi: Ngenkxaso kaRoozbeh Jafari
I-graphene sensors ebambelele kwi-forearm inokubonelela ngemilinganiselo eqhubekayo yoxinzelelo lwegazi.
TITTOOS ZOXINZELELO LEGAZI
Ngaphezu kweminyaka eli-100, ukujonga uxinzelelo lwegazi kuthetha ukuba ingalo yakho incinywe ngecuff evuzayo.Icala elinye lale ndlela, nangona kunjalo, kukuba umlinganiselo ngamnye umele umfanekiso omncinane wempilo yomntu yentliziyo.Kodwa kwi-2022, izazinzulu zenze i-graphene yethutyana "i-tattoo" ekwazi ngokuqhubekayo esweni uxinzelelo lwegazi kwiiyure ezininzi ngexesha (Nat. Nanotechnol. 2022, DOI: 10.1038/s41565-022-01145-w).Uluhlu lwe-sensor esekwe kwikhabhoni lusebenza ngokuthumela imisinga yombane emincinci kwi-forearm yomntu onxibileyo kunye nokubeka iliso ukuba i-voltage iguquka njani njengoko ikhoyo ihamba kwizicubu zomzimba.Eli xabiso lihambelana nokutshintsha komthamo wegazi, apho i-algorithm yekhompyutheni inokuguqulela kwimilinganiselo ye-systolic kunye ne-diastolic yegazi.Ngokutsho komnye wababhali bolu phando, uRoozbeh Jafari waseTexas A&M University, isixhobo siya kunika oogqirha indlela engabonakaliyo yokubeka iliso kwimpilo yentliziyo yesigulana kwixesha elide.Isenokunceda neengcali zonyango ukuba zihluze izinto ezingaphandle ezichaphazela uxinzelelo lwegazi-njengotyelelo olunoxinzelelo kugqirha.
IIRADIKALI EZENZIWA NGABANTU
Ikhredithi: Mikal Schlosser/TU Denmark
Amavolontiya amane ahleli kwigumbi elilawulwa yimozulu ukuze abaphandi bafunde indlela abantu abawuchaphazela ngayo umgangatho womoya wangaphakathi.
Izazinzulu ziyazi ukuba iimveliso zokucoca, ipeyinti, kunye nezinto ezihlaziya umoya zonke zichaphazela umgangatho womoya wangaphakathi.Abaphandi bafumanise kulo nyaka ukuba abantu banako, nabo.Ngokubeka amavolontiya amane ngaphakathi kwegumbi elilawulwa yimozulu, iqela lifumene ukuba i-oyile yendalo eluswini lwabantu inokusabela nge-ozone emoyeni ukuvelisa i-hydroxyl (OH) radicals (iSayensi 2022, i-DOI: 10.1126 / science.abn0340).Nje ukuba zenziwe, ezi radicals zisebenza kakhulu zinokukhupha iikhompawundi ezisemoyeni kwaye zivelise iimolekyuli ezinokuba yingozi.Ioli yesikhumba ethatha inxaxheba kule mpendulo i-squalene, ephendula nge-ozone ukwenza i-6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one (6-MHO).I-ozone emva koko isabela nge-6-MHO ukwenza i-OH.Abaphandi baceba ukwakha phezu kwalo msebenzi ngokuphanda ukuba amanqanaba ezi hydroxyl enziwe ngabantu anokwahluka njani phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo zokusingqongileyo.Okwangoku, banethemba lokuba ezi zinto zifunyanisiweyo ziyakwenza ukuba izazinzulu zicinge kwakhona ukuba zivavanya njani ikhemistri yangaphakathi, kuba abantu abasoloko bebonwa njengemithombo yokukhupha izinto ezikhutshwayo.
ISAYENSI EKHUSELEKILEYO NGESEXE
Ukuze bahlolisise imichiza ekhupha ityhefu yamasele ukuze azikhusele, abaphandi kufuneka bathabathe iisampulu zolusu lwezilwanyana.Kodwa ubuchule obukhoyo besampulu buhlala bubenzakalisa ezi amphibians zibuthathaka okanye zifuna i-euthanasia.Ngo-2022, oosonzululwazi baphuhlise indlela ephucukileyo yobuntu yokwenza isampulu yamasele kusetyenziswa isixhobo esibizwa ngokuba yiMasSpec Pen, esebenzisa isampulu esifana nepeni ukuchola iialkaloids ezikhoyo ngasemva kwezilwanyana (ACS Meas. Sci. Au 2022, DOI: 10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.2c00035).Isixhobo senziwe nguLivia Eberlin, ikhemisti ehlalutyayo kwiYunivesithi yaseTexas eAustin.Ekuqaleni yayilungiselelwe ukunceda oogqirha botyando ukuba bahlule phakathi kwezicubu ezinempilo kunye nomhlaza emzimbeni womntu, kodwa u-Eberlin waqonda ukuba esi sixhobo sinokusetyenziselwa ukufunda amasele emva kokuba edibene noLauren O'Connell, isazi ngebhayoloji kwiYunivesithi yaseStanford ofunda ngendlela amasele asebenza ngayo kunye ne-alkaloids. .
Ikhredithi: Livia Eberlin
I-mass spectrometry pen inokusampula ulusu lwamasele anetyhefu ngaphandle kokwenzakalisa izilwanyana.
Ikhredithi: Science/Zhenan Bao
I-electrode eyolulayo, eqhubayo inokulinganisa umsebenzi wombane wemisipha yengwane.
II-ELECTRODE ZILUNGELE I-OCTOPUS
Ukuyila i-bioelectronics kunokuba sisifundo sokulalanisa.Iipolima eziguquguqukayo zihlala ziqinile njengoko iimpawu zazo zombane ziphucuka.Kodwa iqela labaphandi elikhokelwa yiYunivesithi yaseStanford uZhenan Bao beza ne-electrode eyolulayo kwaye eqhubayo, edibanisa ezona hlabathi zimbini.I-pièce de resistance ye-electrode ngamacandelo ayo adibeneyo-icandelo ngalinye liphuculwe ukuba libe liqhuba okanye lisebenziseke ukuze lingachasananga neempawu zomnye.Ukubonisa izakhono zakhe, u-Bao usebenzise i-electrode ukuvuselela imithambo-luvo kwisiqu sobuchopho seempuku kunye nokulinganisa ukusebenza kombane kwizihlunu zengwane.Ubonise iziphumo zovavanyo zombini kwintlanganiso yeAmerican Chemical Society's Fall 2022.
INKUNZI YEBULLETPROOF
Ikhredithi: ACS Nano
Esi sikrweqe somthi sinokugxotha iimbumbulu ezinomonakalo omncinci.
Kulo nyaka, iqela labaphandi elikhokelwa yiYunivesithi yaseHuazhong yeSayensi kunye neTeknoloji ye-Huiqiao Li yenza isikrweqe somthi esomeleleyo ngokwaneleyo ukuphazamisa i-bullet shot kwi-9 mm revolver (ACS Nano 2022, DOI: 10.1021 / acsnano.1c10725).Amandla omthi avela kumaphepha awo atshintshanayo e-lignocellulose kunye ne-cross-linked siloxane polymer.I-lignocellulose ixhathisa i-fracturing ebonga kwiibhondi zayo zesibini ze-hydrogen, ezinokuphinda zenziwe xa ziphukile.Ngeli xesha, i-polymer ebambekayo iba yomelele xa ibethekile.Ukwenza imathiriyeli, uLi waphefumlela kwipirarucu, intlanzi yaseMzantsi Melika enesikhumba esomeleleyo ngokwaneleyo ukuba imelane namazinyo abukhali epiranha.Ngenxa yokuba isikrweqe somthi sikhaphukhaphu kunezinye izinto ezikwaziyo ukumelana nempembelelo, njengentsimbi, abaphandi bakholelwa ukuba iinkuni zinokuba nezicelo zomkhosi nezokubhabha.
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-19-2022